Product SEO is optimizing individual product pages so they rank when potential buyers search for what you sell. Unlike category or blog SEO, product SEO focuses on transactional intent—people ready to compare, evaluate, or purchase. The goal is visibility in organic results, Google Shopping, image search, and rich snippets that show price, availability, and reviews directly in search. Core elements include title tags that match how people search (brand, model, key attribute), unique product descriptions that answer buyer questions instead of copying manufacturer boilerplate, and high-quality images with descriptive alt text and filenames. Structured data markup, especially Product and Offer schema, tells Google your price, stock status, ratings, and SKU so it can display rich results. Internal linking from related products and relevant category pages passes authority and helps crawlers discover your catalog. Technical factors matter more than most store owners realize. Faceted navigation and filter URLs can create thousands of duplicate or thin pages that waste crawl budget. Canonical tags, noindex directives, and URL parameter handling in Search Console keep Google focused on your real product pages. Page speed directly affects conversion, so image compression, lazy loading, and CDN use aren't optional. Mobile experience is critical since most product research happens on phones. At Ottawa SEO, we see stores fail product SEO in predictable ways: thin content across hundreds of similar items, missing schema, or ignoring long-tail modifiers like color and size in titles. We also see wins from targeting zero-volume keywords that convert—specific model numbers or niche specifications competitors ignore. Product SEO isn't about traffic volume alone; a page ranking for fifty monthly searches at 8% conversion often outperforms a category page with 2,000 visits at 1%. The key is matching search intent at the exact moment someone knows what they want.