Shopify includes solid foundational SEO capabilities out of the box. You get editable title tags and meta descriptions for every page, product, and collection. URLs are clean and readable, sitemaps generate automatically at yourstore.com/sitemap.xml, and every theme is mobile-responsive by default. You can add alt text to images, customize H1 tags, and edit robots.txt through the theme files. For 70% of small to mid-size e-commerce sites, Shopify's native SEO handles the basics competently. The platform limitations show up when you scale or compete in tougher verticals. Shopify forces /products/ and /collections/ into every URL, adding unnecessary folder depth that you can't remove without hacky redirects. You're stuck with a single H1 per product page unless you edit theme code. Blog functionality is minimal compared to WordPress, canonical tag control is automatic with limited override options, and schema markup requires manual JSON-LD insertion or third-party apps. If you want faceted navigation that doesn't create duplicate content chaos, you need apps like Searchanise or custom development. Shopify also auto-generates pagination parameters and filter URLs that can waste crawl budget if you don't actively manage them. The platform handles this better than it did five years ago, but you still need to monitor Search Console for surprise indexation issues. We've seen Shopify stores with 12,000 indexed pages when they only have 800 actual products, purely from filter combinations and sort parameters. For clients running CAD 50K–500K monthly revenue, Shopify's SEO works fine with some app support (Plug in SEO, SEO Manager, or JSON-LD for schema). Beyond that range, or in hyper-competitive niches like supplements or fashion, the platform's rigidity becomes a tax. You can rank well on Shopify, hundreds of thousands of stores prove that, but you're working within guardrails. At Ottawa SEO, we run Shopify stores in the portfolio but pair them with custom development when the revenue justifies fighting for every ranking advantage.